Writing Format Task 1

IELTS TASK 1 

BAR CHART   

   

PIE CHART

LINE CHART

MAP CHART

PROCESS

TABLE CHART

FORMAT  

(Word limit 150 time / 20 mins)

INTRODUCTION

Write single sentence (max 20-30 words)

Overview

2 Sentence describing major changes (max 50 words)

Body 1

Describe trends in detail with time line (max 50 Words)

Body 2 (Optional)

Details of other graph, Describe trends in detail with time line (max 50 Words)

Imp Note

 You can also write one body of 100 words.

US FORMAT

A…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

A…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

A…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

A…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

UK FORMAT

                 A………….............................................

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

A…………...................................

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

A…………...................................

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

A…………...................................

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

Starting Presentation Type Verb Description The given / the supplied / the presented / the shown / the provided/ the diagram / table / figure / illustration / graph / chart / flow chart / picture/ presentation/ pie chart / bar graph/ column graph / line graph / table data/ data / information / pictorial/ process diagram/ map/ pie chart and table/ bar graph and pie chart ... shows / represents / depicts / enumerates / illustrates / presents/ gives / provides / delineates/ outlines/ describes / delineates/ expresses/ outlines/ denotes/ compares/ shows contrast / indicates / figures / gives data on / gives information on/ presents information about/ shows data about/ demonstrates/ outlines/ summarises... the comparison of… the differences… the changes... the number of… information on… data on… the proportion of… the amount of… information on... data about... comparative data... the trend of... the percentages of...

Example : 

1. The provided diagram shows data on employment categories in energy producing sectors in Europe starting from 1925 and till 1985.

2. The given pie charts represent the proportion of male and female employee in 6 broad categories, divided into manual and non-manual occupations in Freedonia. 

3. The chart gives information on expenditures of 4 European countries on six consumer products namely Germany, Italy, Britain and France.

4. The supplied bar graph compares the number of male and female graduated in three developing countries while the table data presents the overall literacy rate in these countries. 

5. The bar graph and the table data depict the water use in different sectors in five regions.

6. The bar graph enumerates the money spent on different research projects while the column graph demonstrates the sources of the amount spent over a decade, commencing from 1981.

7. The line graph delineates the proportion of male and female employees in three different sectors in Australia between 2010 and 2015.
   

Starting Presentation Type Verb Description The given / the supplied / the presented / the shown / the provided/ the diagram / table / figure / illustration / graph / chart / flow chart / picture/ presentation/ pie chart / bar graph/ column graph / line graph / table data/ data / information / pictorial/ process diagram/ map/ pie chart and table/ bar graph and pie chart ... shows / represents / depicts / enumerates / illustrates / presents/ gives / provides / delineates/ outlines/ describes / delineates/ expresses/ outlines/ denotes/ compares/ shows contrast / indicates / figures / gives data on / gives information on/ presents information about/ shows data about/ demonstrates/ outlines/ summarises... the comparison of… the differences… the changes... the number of… information on… data on… the proportion of… the amount of… information on... data about... comparative data... the trend of... the percentages of...

Example : 

8. The provided diagram shows data on employment categories in energy producing sectors in Europe starting from 1925 and till 1985.

9. The given pie charts represent the proportion of male and female employee in 6 broad categories, divided into manual and non-manual occupations in Freedonia. 

10. The chart gives information on expenditures of 4 European countries on six consumer products namely Germany, Italy, Britain and France.

11. The supplied bar graph compares the number of male and female graduated in three developing countries while the table data presents the overall literacy rate in these countries. 

12. The bar graph and the table data depict the water use in different sectors in five regions.

13. The bar graph enumerates the money spent on different research projects while the column graph demonstrates the sources of the amount spent over a decade, commencing from 1981.

14. The line graph delineates the proportion of male and female employees in three different sectors in Australia between 2010 and 2015.
    

IMPORTANT 

1. For a single graph use 's' after the verb, like - gives data on, shows/ presents etc. However, if there are multiple graphs, DO NOT use 's' after the verb.

2. If there are multiple graphs and each one presents a different type of data, you can write which graph presents what type of data and use 'while' to show a connection. For example -'The given bar graph shows the amount spent on fast food items in 2009 in the UK while the pie chart presents a comparison of people's ages who spent more on fast food. 

3. Your introduction should be quite impressive as it makes the first impression to the examiner. It either makes or breaks your overall score.

4. For multiple graphs and/ or table(s), you can write what they present in combination instead of saying which each graph depicts. For example, "The two pie charts and the column graph in combination depicts a picture of the crime in Australia from 2005 to 2015 and the percentages of young offenders during this period." 

Caution:

Never copy word for word from the question. If you do do, you would be penalised. always paraphrase the introduction in your own words.

For Starting Question 1 BODY 1

1. As is presented in the diagram(s)/ graph(s)/ pie chart(s)/ table...

2. As (is) shown in the illustration...

3. As can be seen in the...

4. As the diagrams suggest...

5. According to the...

6. Categorically speaking...

7. Getting back to the details...

8. Now, turning to the details....

9. The table data clearly shows that...

10. The diagram reveals that...

11. The data suggest that...

12. The graph gives figure...

13. It is interesting to note that...

14. It is apparently seen that...

15. It is conspicuous that...

16. It is explicitly observed that...

17. It is obvious...

18. It is clear from the data...

19. It is worth noticing that...

20. It is crystal clear/ lucid that...

21. It can be clearly observed that...

22. It could be plainly viewed that...

23. It could be noticed that...

Vocabulary to represent changes in graphs:

Type of Change	Adverb form	Adjective form
Rapid change	dramatically / rapidly / sharply / quickly / hurriedly / speedily / swiftly / significantly/ considerably / substantioally / noticably.	dramatic / rapid / sharp / quick / hurried / speedy / swift / significant / considerable / substantial / noticable.
Moderate change	moderately / gradually / progressively / sequentially.	moderate / gradual / progressive /  sequential.
Steady change	steadily/ ceaselessly.	steady/ ceaseless.
Slight change	slightly / slowly / mildly / tediously.	slight / slow / mild / tedious.

Example: 

1. The economic inflation of the country increased sharply by 20% in 2008.

2. There was a sharp drop in the industrial production in the year 2009. 

3. The demand for new houses dramatically increased in 2002.

4. The population of the country dramatically increased in the last decade. 

5. The price of the oil moderately increased in last quarter but as a consequence, the price of daily necessity rapidly went up. 

Describe Time In Sentence Dates, Months & Years related vocabulary and grammar:

» From 1990 to 2000, Commencing from 1980, Between 1995 and 2005, After 2012.

» By 1995, In 1998, In February, Over the period, During the period, During 2011.

» In the first half of the year, for the first quarter, The last quarter of the year, During the first decade.

» In the 80s, In the 1980s, During the next 6 months, In the mid-70s, Next 10 years, Previous year, Next year, Between 1980 - 1990.

» Within a time span of ten years, within five years.

» Next month, Next quarter, Next year, previous month, Previous year.

» Since, Then, From.

Percentage, Portion and Numbers:

Percentages:

10% increase, 25 percent decrease, increased by 15%, dropped by 10 per cent, fall at 50%, reached to 75%, tripled, doubled, one-fourth, three-quarters, half, double fold, treble, 5 times higher, 3 timers lower, declined to about 49%, stood exactly at 43%.

Fractions:
4% = A tiny fraction.
24% = Almost a quarter.
25% Exactly a quarter.
26% = Roughly one quarter.
32% Nearly one-third, nearly a third.
49% = Around a half, just under a half.
50% Exactly a half.
51% = Just over a half.
73% = Nearly three quarters.
77% = Approximately three quarter, more than three-quarter.
79% = Well over three quarters.

Proportions:  
2% = A tiny portion, a very small proportion.
4% = An insignificant minority, an insignificant proportion.
16% = A small minority, a small portion.
70% = A large proportion.
72% = A significant majority, A significant proportion.89% = A very large proportion. 
89% = A very large proportion.

Words/ Phrases of Approximation - Vocabulary:

» Approximately
» Nearly
» Roughly
» Almost
» About
» Around
» More or less
» Just over
» Just under
» Just around
» Just about
» Just below
» A little more than
» A little less than.

Verbs

These verbs are alternatives to the basic rise and fall vocabulary. One benefit of using them is that sometimes they help you avoid repeating too many numbers. If you have a strong verb, you don’t always have to give the exact figure.

Up Verbs

Verbs	Example
soar	the use of water soared in March
leap	the prices leapt to 90% in one year
Climb	populations climbed to over one million by 1980
Rocket	use of cars rocketed in the first decade
Surge	a surge of migration is seen in November

Notes:

• “Soar “and “rocket” are both very strong words that describe large rises. “Rocket” is more sudden. You probably do not need to qualify these verbs with adverbs.

• “Leap” shows a large and sudden rise. Again, you probably do not need to qualify it with an adverb.

• “Climb” is a relatively neutral verb that can be used with the adverbs below.

Down verbs

Verbs	Example
Sink	The cost of housing sunk after 2008
Slip back	Use of electricity slipped back to 50 in May
Dip	Divorce rate dipped in the 60s
Drop	A drop in crime can be seen last year
Plummet	Tourists to the city plummets after September

 

Notes:

• “Plummet” is the strongest word here. It means to fall very quickly and a long way.

• “Drop”  and “drop” are normally used for fairly small decreases

• “Slip back” is used for falls that come after rises

• “Drop” and “Dip” are also frequently used as nouns: “a slight dip” “a sudden drop”

Adjectives and adverbs

This is a selection of some of the most common adjectives and adverbs used for trend language. Please be careful. This is an area where it is possible to make low-level mistakes. Make sure that you use adjectives with nouns and adverbs with verbs:

• a significant rise – correct (adjective/noun)

• rose significantly – correct (adverb/verb)

• a significantly rise – wrong

Please also note the spelling of the adverbs. There is a particular problem with the word “dramatically:

• dramatically – correct

• dramaticly – wrong

• dramaticaly – wrong

Adjectives of Degree

Adjective	Example	Adverb	Example
Significant	A significant change	Significantly	Changed significantly
Dramatic	A dramatic shift	Dramatically	Sifts dramatically
Sudden	A sudden rise	Suddenly	Has risen suddenly
Substantial	A substantial gain	Substantially	Gained substantially
Sharp	A sharp decrease	Sharply	Had decreased sharply

Notes:

• “sudden” and “sharp” can be used for relatively minor changes that happen quickly

• “spectacular” and “dramatic” are very strong words only used for big changes

Steady Adjectives

Adjective	Example	Adverb	Example
Consistent	A consistent flow	Consistently	Flowed consistently
Steady	A steady movement	Steadily	Moved steadily
Constant	Constant shift	Constantly	Sifted constantly

Small adjectives

Adjective	Example	Adverb	Example
Slight	A slight rise	Slightly	Rose slightly
Gradual	A gradual fall	Gradually	Has fallen gradually
Marginal	A marginal change	Marginally	Had changed marginally
Modest	A modest increase	Modestly	Increases modestly

Notes:

• “marginal” is a particularly useful word for describing very small changes

Other useful adjectives

These adjectives can be used to describes more general trends

Adjective	Example
Upward	By looking at the five data points, there appears to be a clear upward pattern in prices
Downward	Over the past quarter century there is a downward trend in use of pesticides
Overall	The overall shift in the market seems to favour the use of nuclear power

 

IMPORTANT 

• “overall” can be used to describe changes in trend over the whole period: very useful in introductions and conclusions

• “upward” and “downward” are adjectives: the adverbs are “upwards” and “downwards”

The following words and phrases will help you describe trends:

Nouns	a rise an increase a surge a growth a peak a fluctuation a variation a period of stability a plateau a fall a decrease a decline a dip
Verbs	to rise to increase to surge to grow to peak to skyrocket to fluctuate to vary to fall to decrease to decline to dip to dive to plunge
Phrases	to show an upward trend to show a downward trend to hit the highest point to hit the lowest point to reach a peak to show some fluctuation to fluctuate wildly to remain stable to remain static to remain unchanged to stay constant to reach a plateau to level off to flatten out the highest the lowest the second highest the third highest compared to  compared with relative to
Adverbs	sharply suddenly rapidly abruptly dramatically significantly steadily considerably markedly slightly gently gradually wildly
Adjectives	sharp sudden rapid abrupt dramatic steep significant steady considerable marked slight gentle gradual

SAMPLE SENTENCE

• There was a substantial increase in the value of stocks on March 15th.

• House prices rose dramatically in July.

• The number of tourists visiting New York fell sharply in October.

• The percentage of students walking to school continued to rise gradually over the ten year period from 2000-2010.

• There was a sharp increase in employee turnover after the strike.

• Interest in environmental issues has risen steadily over the last 10 years.

MORE USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES

1. Percent � the word percent comes after a number
   
   Examples:
   More than 25% of the students are from Brazil. 
   More than 25 percent of the students come from Brazil.

2. Percentage - The word percentage comes after words like the, a, this and that. Often, it is preceded by an adjective.
   Examples:
   A small percentage of residents have lived in the building for more than 20 years. 
   The percentage of students who live on campus has fallen sharply since the fire.

3. For numbers up to ten, write the numbers in words. For numbers over 10, you can write the numbers in numbers.
   Examples:
   Five percent of the employees were late this month.
   More than 50 percent of the students handed in their assignments late after the long weekend.

4. If the sentence starts with a number, always write it in words.
   Examples: Wrong: 25 students were from China.
   Right: Twenty-five students were from China.

GRAMMAR

Take note of the following prepositions which you will need to describe dates, numbers and comparisons:

Dates
In December,
In 2005,
From 2001-2010,
By 1998,
Between 1965-1969

Numbers
Increase of 25%
Decreased by 10%
Fell from 200 in July to 150 in August

Comparison
Compared to
Compared with
Relative to

Thank you